General Information

 

Environment & Wildlife

The ecological system of Islands is fragile.  Both top soil cover and water resources are limited. Except for few seasonal streams (nallahs), Galathea, Alexandria and Dagmar streams in Great Nicobar, there are no fresh water sources, which can be termed as rivers.  Galathea was explored for the first time in 1901 by the Boden Kloss expedition and later by a party led by the Deputy Commissioner, Nicobars District in June 1978.

The Ministry of Environment and Forests, G.O.I. has designated major part of Great Nicobar as Biosphere reserve. The reserve extends in two parts over 885 Sq.Km. or about 85% of the Great Nicobar Island.  

To conserve and protect the bio diversity of flora and fauna two areas were declared as National Parks namely Campbell Bay National Park & Galathea National Park in this district.

Three Islands of Nicobar District has been declared as Wild Life Sanctuary. Battimilav Island Sanctuary is one of the strongholds of Nicobar Pigeon. Magapode Island Sanctuary, the southern most wild life sanctuary of India, is one of the last strongholds of greatly endangered Magapode. Tilanchong Island Sanctuary, set-up to protect the rare and endangered northern subspecies (Nicobariensis) of the Magapode.

There are no dangerous wild animals in the District. Common birds found include the Imperial pigeon, Green pigeon, Golden riole, king fishers, common sparrow, Babblers, sunbird, green parrot, owls and Doves. There is also a fair prickling of wild fowls. The common crow is conspicuous by its total absence. Of the sea birds, only bleak fish eagles and wild sea gulls have been spotted. Bats are present in large numbers and are eaten as great delicacy.

Among the reptiles, the Python and centipede are found. Crocodiles and monkeys are found only in Great Nicobar and Katchal Islands.

The Nicobar Islands have a considerable stock of marine life. We have beautiful coral formations, seashells of different sizes, and varieties of fish like sardines, tuna, barracuda, mullets, mackerels, starfish and flying fish. Sharks and dolphins have also been spotted. Whales have also been seen inside the Nancowry harbour. Other smaller sea creature found includes turtles, octopus and crabs of all kinds.